Finland in the register

Rules and sources

Disclosure threshold

Named donors from €1,500 (parliamentary), €2,000 (EP/presidential), €800 (municipal/regional); some filers list smaller items voluntarily

Legal framework

The Puoluelaki (Political Parties Act, 10/1969, reformed in 2010 and again on 1 July 2025) and the Laki ehdokkaan vaalirahoituksesta (Act on Candidate Election Funding, 273/2009) govern political finance. Oversight lies with the Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland), which publishes everything on vaalirahoitusvalvonta.fi. Parties and their affiliated organisations must file real-time notifications (by the 15th of the following month) of any supporter whose contributions reach EUR 2,000 in a year (EUR 1,500 until 30 June 2025), giving the name and business ID (Y-tunnus); they also file annual accounts, the auditors' report and a breakdown of campaign costs and funding. Elected candidates submit a vaalirahoitusilmoitus (election funding disclosure) within two months, naming individual donors above EUR 800 (municipal/regional), EUR 1,500 (parliamentary) and EUR 2,000 (European/presidential elections), with per-donor caps of EUR 3,000/6,000/10,000 (figures from Act 273/2009, to be checked against the Finlex text). State party subsidy (puoluetuki) is set by the Government (Valtioneuvosto) per parliamentary seat. Since 2024 a Transparency Register (Avoimuusrekisteri, Act 430/2023) holds annual financial data on lobbying.

Currency

EUR

Sources

• VTV party-funding register - real-time notifications of support received (ajantasaiset ilmoitukset tuesta)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) · Support received 2011-2026 by registered parties, their party associations (districts, local associations, women's/youth organisations) and related entities (lahiyhteisot); notifications are monthly · 4,456 rows
• VTV election funding disclosures - funding lines (2025 municipal elections)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) · 2025 municipal elections: final election funding disclosures (vaalirahoitusilmoitus) of elected candidates and deputy members · 1,264 rows
• VTV election funding disclosures - funding lines (2023 parliamentary elections)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) · 2023 parliamentary elections: final election funding disclosures (vaalirahoitusilmoitus) of elected candidates and deputy members · 875 rows
• VTV election funding disclosures - funding lines (2021 municipal elections)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) · 2021 municipal elections: final election funding disclosures (vaalirahoitusilmoitus) of elected candidates and deputy members · 710 rows
• VTV election funding disclosures - funding lines (2017 municipal elections)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) - Internet Archive copy · 2017 municipal elections: final election funding disclosures (vaalirahoitusilmoitus) of elected candidates and deputy members · 567 rows
• VTV election funding disclosures - funding lines (2012 municipal elections)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) - Internet Archive copy · 2012 municipal elections: final election funding disclosures (vaalirahoitusilmoitus) of elected candidates and deputy members · 559 rows
• VTV election funding disclosures - funding lines (2011 parliamentary elections)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) - Internet Archive copy · 2011 parliamentary elections: final election funding disclosures (vaalirahoitusilmoitus) of elected candidates and deputy members · 552 rows
• VTV election funding disclosures - funding lines (2019 parliamentary elections)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) · 2019 parliamentary elections: final election funding disclosures (vaalirahoitusilmoitus) of elected candidates and deputy members · 533 rows
• VTV election funding disclosures - funding lines (2015 parliamentary elections)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) - Internet Archive copy · 2015 parliamentary elections: final election funding disclosures (vaalirahoitusilmoitus) of elected candidates and deputy members · 516 rows
• VTV election funding disclosures - funding lines (2024 presidential election)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) · 2024 presidential election: final election funding disclosures (vaalirahoitusilmoitus) of elected candidates and deputy members · 317 rows
• VTV election funding disclosures - funding lines (2022 regional (wellbeing services county) elections)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) · 2022 regional (wellbeing services county) elections: final election funding disclosures (vaalirahoitusilmoitus) of elected candidates and deputy members · 290 rows
• VTV election funding disclosures - funding lines (2012 presidential election)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) - Internet Archive copy · 2012 presidential election: final election funding disclosures (vaalirahoitusilmoitus) of elected candidates and deputy members · 226 rows
• VTV election funding disclosures - funding lines (2024 European Parliament elections)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) · 2024 European Parliament elections: final election funding disclosures (vaalirahoitusilmoitus) of elected candidates and deputy members · 204 rows
• VTV election funding disclosures - funding lines (2018 presidential election)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) · 2018 presidential election: final election funding disclosures (vaalirahoitusilmoitus) of elected candidates and deputy members · 196 rows
• VTV election funding disclosures - funding lines (2019 European Parliament elections)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) · 2019 European Parliament elections: final election funding disclosures (vaalirahoitusilmoitus) of elected candidates and deputy members · 123 rows
• Puolueavustukset (state party subsidies) - Government press releasesValtioneuvosto / Valtioneuvoston kanslia (Prime Minister's Office) · 2017, 2018, May-Dec 2019, 2020-2026 (2023 in two decisions) · 96 rows
• VTV election funding disclosures - funding lines (2014 European Parliament elections)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) - Internet Archive copy · 2014 European Parliament elections: final election funding disclosures (vaalirahoitusilmoitus) of elected candidates and deputy members · 78 rows
• VTV election funding disclosures - funding lines (2025 regional elections)Valtiontalouden tarkastusvirasto (VTV, National Audit Office of Finland) · 2025 regional elections: final election funding disclosures (vaalirahoitusilmoitus) of elected candidates and deputy members · 28 rows

Caveats

• Candidate donations are the itemised funding lines of the final election funding disclosures (VTV CSVs) for the elections of 2011-2025. The files for 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015 and 2017 are no longer published by the VTV and were taken from Internet Archive copies of the official files (captured October 2018); the 2018-2021 files are still served by the VTV site but are no longer linked. Disclosures for the 2008 municipal and 2009 European elections (filed under the earlier regime) are not available in a reusable form and are not included.
• Only final disclosures (E_VI) of elected candidates and deputy members are ingested; advance disclosures (E_EI) are superseded by them and are kept in the downloaded files/ only.
• Party-level donations (source VTV party-funding register - real-time notifications of support received (ajantasaiset ilmoitukset tuesta)) are the real-time support notifications that parties, party associations and related entities (lahiyhteisot, e.g. party foundations) must file for supporters giving EUR 1,500 or more (EUR 2,000 from 1 July 2025) in a calendar year; they come from the VTV's official yearly CSV exports (2010 onwards; the register starts in 2010 with no named supporter that year). Every filing listed on the VTV pages was matched to the CSV: listed filings with no CSV line were downloaded and turned out to be nil returns (no supporter listed).
• Party support notifications give the month of the support and the filing date, not the payment date; year = the year of support. Amounts may cumulate several payments from the same supporter within the month.
• Overlaps: support passed on inside a party (e.g. a company gives to a party foundation or district that then supports the party or a candidate) appears once per step, under the recipient that reported it. Candidate disclosures (sections 2.5/2.6 party and party-association support) and party support notifications therefore partly describe the same money at different levels; do not add them up as external income.
• Related entities (lahiyhteisot, mostly party foundations such as Kansallisen Kokoomuspuolueen Säätiö or Työväenlehdistön Kannatusyhdistys) are recorded with recipient kind foundation/other and the party they are attached to; their support to the party appears again as a donation from the foundation.
• Dates are not given in the candidate data; year = election year.
• Candidates' own loans (form section 2.2) are excluded because lenders are not named; zero-amount placeholder lines and lines without a donor name are excluded (loan (candidate's own loan, lender not named): 513, zero/blank amount: 684, no donor name: 7, joint 2025 campaign (kept in municipal file): 1053).
• 2025 municipal and regional elections were held together; candidates standing in both filed joint disclosures that appear in both CSVs. Those lines are taken only from the municipal file to avoid double counting.
• Amounts include voluntarily itemised donations below the legal threshold; aggregate unnamed small donations reported only as totals are not included.
• Donations from party / party associations (sections 2.5/2.6) are intra-party transfers to candidates, flagged donor kind=party.
• donor kind for organisations (candidate sections 2.7/2.8 and party support from companies/associations) is inferred from Finnish/Swedish legal-form words in the name (Oy, ry, sr, liitto...), otherwise 'unknown'.
• Presidential-election candidates nominated by electors' associations (codes such as E3, E7, E8, E10) have an empty recipient party. Olli Rehn (2024) filed two separate disclosures, one as the E3 electors' association candidate and one as the Centre Party (KESK) candidate; both are kept and are not duplicates.
• Presidential 2012/2018/2024 party support lines are large intra-party transfers (e.g. party to its own candidate), not external donations.
• Local lists and Åland groupings in municipal/parliamentary data (codes such as ÅS, FÅ, YL..., PLYL) have an empty recipient party; their code is kept in the description (E8: 146, E10: 82, E3: 22, E7: 8, ÅS: 6, FÅ: 5, YL J: 2, PLYL: 2, ProSle: 2, YL1: 2, YL T: 1, YLMP: 1, MYÖ: 1, SEYL: 1).
• A few individual donors appear only as 'Yksityishenkilö' (private person) in the source; they are labelled 'Private individual (name not disclosed)'.
• Identical lines (same supporter, recipient and amount) that occur more than once in a disclosure or support notification are kept as separate items, as published; on the filings checked they are separate payments.
• Public funding: 2019 covers only 1 May-31 Dec (Jan-Apr decision not located); 2023 is split into two decisions (two rows per party); years 2016 and earlier not ingested. The Åland provincial government's share is excluded.
• the party accounts data is empty: party accounts are published only as scanned/PDF documents per party. Real-time notifications of loans (ajantasaiset ilmoitukset lainoista) are not donations and are not ingested.