Romania in the register

Rules and sources

Disclosure threshold

> 10 gross minimum wages per year

Legal framework

Law no. 334/2006 on the financing of political parties' activities and election campaigns (Legea nr. 334/2006, republished). Annual donations are capped at 200 gross minimum wages per natural person and 500 per legal person; by 30 April of the following year parties must publish in the Official Gazette (Monitorul Oficial, Part I) the named list of donors whose gifts exceed 10 gross minimum wages (art. 13). Oversight lies with the Permanent Electoral Authority (Autoritatea Electorală Permanentă, AEP, through its Department for the control of party and campaign financing), which publishes annual accounts, detailed campaign reports (art. 47) and audit reports on the finantarepartide.ro portal; the state subsidy is set between 0.01% and 0.04% of GDP (art. 18). There is no mandatory lobby register (only the voluntary RUTI).

Currency

RON, converted to euro at the ECB annual average rate

Sources

• Itemised donations from party income/expenditure reports filed with AEP - as compiled in Banii PartidelorAutoritatea Electorală Permanentă (AEP); compiled by Expert Forum (EFOR) · 2017-2023 · 46,526 rows
• Donors (natural persons) above 10 minimum wages, annual lists published in Monitorul Oficial Part I (art. 13 Law 334/2006) - as compiled in Banii PartidelorPolitical parties via Monitorul Oficial; compiled by Expert Forum (EFOR) · 2006-2024 · 30,781 rows
• Donors (legal persons) above 10 minimum wages, Monitorul Oficial annual lists - as compiled in Banii PartidelorPolitical parties via Monitorul Oficial; compiled by Expert Forum (EFOR) · 2006-2024 · 3,610 rows
• Party annual income and expenditure from balance sheets filed with the Ministry of Finance / ANAF - as compiled in Banii PartidelorMinisterul Finanțelor (data.gov.ro); compiled by Expert Forum (EFOR) · 2008-2024 · 952 rows
• Acte ale partidelor politice publicate în temeiul Legii nr. 334/2006 (Monitorul Oficial Part I) - lists of donors, members paying fees above the threshold and lenders, as reproduced on the Portal LegislativPolitical parties via Monitorul Oficial, Partea I; Portal Legislativ of the Ministry of Justice (legislatie.just.ro) · 2023-2025 (acts published in 2025, 2026: 172 party acts, 18 parties with named entries) · 324 rows
• Monthly state subsidies to parties (AEP), summed per calendar year - as compiled in Banii PartidelorAutoritatea Electorală Permanentă (AEP); compiled by Expert Forum (EFOR) · 2008-2025 · 113 rows

Caveats

• Data up to 2024 come from the Expert Forum 'Banii Partidelor' compilation (db.banipartide.ro, SQLite download; unchanged since the previous ingest). The official AEP portal finantarepartide.ro and roaep.ro are protected by reCAPTCHA and could not be fetched automatically. The 2025 lists come from the official Portal Legislativ, which reproduces Monitorul Oficial Part I as HTML.
• db.banipartide.ro robots.txt disallows crawling; the ingest performs a single download of the database file that the site itself offers for download, with no page crawling.
• Coverage of the EFOR compilation ends with the lists for 2024 (published in 2025). The lists for financial year 2025 (published in Monitorul Oficial Part I from January to September 2026) are added from the official Portal Legislativ (source key Acte ale partidelor politice publicate în temeiul Legii nr. 334/2006 (Monitorul Oficial Part I) - lists of donors, members paying fees above the threshold and lenders, as reproduced on the Portal Legislativ), together with earlier-year lists that the compilation lacks (Alianța pentru Unirea Românilor 2023, Forumul Democrat al Germanilor din România 2024, Grupul de Acțiune Locală - GAL Berceni 2024, PARTIDUL DIASPORA UNITĂ 2024, PARTIDUL UNIUNEA PENTRU REFORMA STATULUI ŞI PROTECŢIA DREPTURILOR FUNDAMENTALE 2024, Partidul National Conservator Roman 2024; 2021 rows of 2023-2024 lists already in the compilation were skipped). Lists for 2026 are due by 30 April 2027.
• Acte ale partidelor politice publicate în temeiul Legii nr. 334/2006 (Monitorul Oficial Part I) - lists of donors, members paying fees above the threshold and lenders, as reproduced on the Portal Legislativ rows are named donors above 10 minimum gross wages (natural and legal persons), members who paid membership fees above that threshold (description 'membership fee above disclosure threshold'), lenders to parties (description 'loan', with the repayment term; in 2025 e.g. PSD borrowed RON 2 million each from several companies in April) and, per party, the annual total of confidential donations (donor 'Confidential donations (donors not named)'). Natural persons are written 'First name Surname' as split in the lists; only town is kept from legal persons' registered seats; lists carry no personal ID numbers.
• Not ingested: the AEP detailed campaign income and expenditure reports for the 2024 parliamentary and 2025 presidential elections (published in Monitorul Oficial Part I and on the Portal Legislativ) give per-county totals of candidates' contributions by origin (own funds, donations, loans); the large parties do not name the candidates and no report names the donors behind 'donations', so there is no donor-level data to add. Campaign donors are therefore covered only through the parties' annual lists.
• The AEP portal finantarepartide.ro/roaep.ro remains behind reCAPTCHA and was not accessed. data.gov.ro refused connections when checked in September 2026; the project's source atlas records that the AEP organisation there publishes only election results, budgets and salaries, with no donor data.
• Official Gazette donor lists (ro_mo_*) only contain donors above 10 gross minimum wages per year and are self-reported by parties; many years are thin (e.g. 2017-2023 have only ~100-300 named individual donors).
• Itemised donations from party income/expenditure reports filed with AEP - as compiled in Banii Partidelor overlaps with ro_mo_* for the same party-years (the same large donors can appear in both, itemised vs annual total): do not sum the sources blindly.
• Candidate contributions to their own party's campaign are recorded in the AEP income reports and are included with description 'candidate contribution'; they are often the largest items (e.g. election years 2020, 2024).
• Dates: only unambiguous single dates are parsed (Romanian day-first; blocks of the AEP income reports whose dates are evidently month-first, e.g. some PNL county files, are parsed month-first); 7-digit compact dates (e.g. '3112008') are left empty; when several dates are listed the first is used and the full list is kept in description.
• donor kind for AEP income report entries is 'unknown' unless a legal form or organisation keyword is present in the name; Monitorul Oficial lists distinguish natural vs legal persons.
• Monitorul Oficial lists as compiled contain ~600 rows that are exact adjacent repeats of the previous row (same donor, amount, date and personal ID), concentrated in PD 2006 (233), PSD 2007 (186) and PDL 2008 (51). They were kept because it cannot be verified from the compilation whether the Gazette itself lists them twice; totals for those party-years may be overstated.
• AEP income reports contain repeated identical small entries (same donor, amount, date), notably PLUS headquarters 2019; these are kept as they may be distinct transfers.
• Amounts are in RON (new leu) as reported; a few legal-person amounts in the source use a decimal comma and were converted.
• Campaign-level data (candidate contributions per election, campaign income/expenditure) exists in the compilation but is not itemised by donor and is not included.
• Second pass, checked 2026-09-29: (1) https://finantarepartide.ro/ and https://www.roaep.ro/ (including robots.txt) answer every plain request with an HTTP 200 page titled 'Checking your browser - reCAPTCHA' (Google reCAPTCHA interstitial): not accessed, not bypassed; (2) data.gov.ro is reachable again: its 24 datasets of the Autoritatea Electorală Permanentă (https://data.gov.ro/api/3/action/package_search?q=Autoritatea Electorală Permanentă) are election results, referendums, the AEP budget, balance sheets, payments and salaries; searches for donations, party income, campaign reports and party finance return no dataset: checked, nothing published; (3) campaign donors 2016, 2020, 2024 and the presidential elections of 2024-2025: the AEP campaign reports name no donors or lenders (Expert Forum's analysis of the AEP data for 2025: https://expertforum.ro/finantare-campanie-alegeri2025-tur1/ - the public sees the declared totals, not who the donors or lenders are), and the EFOR table 'Contribuții campanie' (49,697 rows, one per candidate or list and origin: own funds, donations, loans) carries totals only.
• Portal Legislativ gap check started but not finished: search results for publication years 2019-2024 are saved in the downloaded files/legislatie/search_<year>.json (25, 27, 24, 65, 48 and 78 'CUANTUM TOTAL' acts; the web service answered HTTP 500 for some query variants, so these lists may be incomplete and should be redone before use) but were not yet compared with the party-years of the EFOR compilation (EFOR has only 4-8 parties with named donors in 2015 and 2017-2019) or downloaded; the ingest still reads only publication years 2025-2026.